If you’re starting a painting project, the brush you hold can change the whole result. A good brush makes smooth strokes, a bad one leaves ragged edges. Below you’ll find the basics you need to choose the right brush, use it right, and keep it in shape for the next job.
Most brushes fall into three groups: synthetic, natural and hybrid. Synthetic brushes are made from nylon, polyester or a mix. They work well with water‑based paints like acrylics and washes because they clean up easily and stay soft after many washes.
Natural brushes use animal hair – usually sable, hog or goat. They hold more paint, so they’re a favorite for oils and watercolor washes that need a lot of liquid. The hair also gives a slightly rough texture that can add character to a stroke.
Hybrid brushes combine synthetic and natural fibers. They try to give the best of both worlds: the durability of synthetics and the paint‑holding power of real hair. If you’re not sure which one you need, start with a synthetic flat brush for acrylics and a natural round for oils.
Shape matters too. Flat brushes produce broad, even lines – perfect for backgrounds or filling large areas. Round brushes taper to a point, letting you draw fine details or thin lines. Filbert brushes blend the flat and round shapes, giving you a soft edge that works great for portraits.
First, don’t overload the brush. Dip just the tip into the paint, then tap off excess. Too much paint will make the brush swell and the strokes will look messy. When you switch colors, rinse the brush in clean water (or mineral spirits for oils) and work the bristles gently to release pigment.When you’re done, clean the brush thoroughly. For acrylics, rinse with warm water and a mild soap, then shape the bristles and let them dry flat. For oils, use a brush cleaner or a bit of turpentine, then repeat with soap and water. Never leave a brush soaking for hours – that can loosen the glue that holds the bristles.
Store brushes with the bristles up or lie them flat. Storing them on their sides can bend the hairs and ruin the shape. If you have a lot of brushes, a simple brush holder or a jar works fine, just keep the bristles away from any heavy objects.
Finally, replace worn brushes before they get too soft. A frayed tip will leave hair in your paint and spoil the finish. With a little care, a quality brush can last years, saving you money and giving you consistent results.
Now you have the basics: know the main brush types, pick the shape that fits your style, and follow a simple cleaning routine. Put these steps into practice and you’ll see a clear difference in your paintings, whether you work with acrylic, oil or watercolor.
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